How to Conduct Accessibility Testing with Screen Readers
By Dan Ronen ·
Screen readers help visually impaired users navigate the web. Learn how to conduct accessibility testing with popular screen readers like NVDA, JAWS, and VoiceOver.
Why Accessibility Testing Matters
Web accessibility ensures that digital experiences are inclusive for everyone, including those with disabilities. Screen readers provide an essential way for visually impaired users to interact with content, making accessibility testing a crucial step in web development.
Choosing a Screen Reader
- NVDA (Windows) - Free and open-source screen reader.
- JAWS (Windows) - A popular paid screen reader with extensive features.
- VoiceOver (macOS & iOS) - Built-in screen reader for Apple devices.
- TalkBack (Android) - Google’s built-in screen reader for Android devices.
Testing Process and Best Practices
1. Basic Navigation
Start by navigating through your website using only a screen reader and keyboard. Ensure that users can access all interactive elements and content.
2. Headings and Structure
Check if headings are properly structured using H1-H6 elements, allowing users to navigate efficiently with screen reader shortcuts.
3. Alt Text and Links
- Ensure all images have descriptive alt text.
- Check that links are meaningful and clearly describe their destination.
- Avoid using vague terms like 'Click Here' for links.
4. Form Accessibility
Ensure that form inputs are labeled correctly and that users receive feedback when they enter invalid data.